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Citrus Pests and Diseases is a symptom based app for detecting and screening pests and diseases of citrus. It is an illustration based identification guide that encompasses citrus diseases and citrus pests that are in the United States as well as those of immediate concern. Search categories in the app include: scientific name, other common names, damages, symptoms, host range, references, and distribution with additional information about citrus pests and diseases. Fact sheets also include information on other pests and diseases which may be easily confused with a suspect citrus disease or citrus pest.

The Protect U.S. hand-held application component of the Citrus Diseases and Citrus Pests LUCID® resource (http://idtools.org/id/citrus/resource/ ) is designed for use by small farm producers in the United States. Protect U.S. (http://protectingusnow.org/ ) educational materials are designed for use by small farm producers, K-12, audiences, or the general public. Fact sheet content from the Citrus Diseases LUCID® tool and the Citrus Pest LUCID® tool was modified for small farm producers for the Protect U.S. app. The Protect U.S. Citrus Pests and Diseases application was funded by USDA-NIFA grant no. 2011-41533-31090 entitled “New Technologies and Educational Material to Address National Emerging Citrus Pests and Diseases.” The project was a partnership between the University of Florida/IFAS Extension, the University of California-Riverside, Texas A&M University, and USDA-APHIS-PPQ.

Protect U.S. Citrus Diseases and Pests content Authors include:

Project Leader: Dr. Amanda Hodges

Amanda Hodges, Ph.D.
Associate Extension Scientist
Director, Doctor of Plant Medicine
Entomology and Nematology Department
University of Florida, IFAS
Gainesville, FL 32611
achodges@ufl.edu

Content Developer: Dr. Gurpreet Brar

Gurpreet S. Brar, Ph.D.
Post-Doctoral Associate
Citrus Research and Education Center
Lake Alfred, FL 33850
gpsbrar@ufl.edu

Content Developer: Dr. Annika Minott

Annika T. Minott, D.P.M.
Post-Doctoral Associate
Entomology and Nematology Department
University of Florida, IFAS
Gainesville, FL 32611
aminott@ufl.edu

Content Developer: Carla Burkle

Carla Burkle
Doctor of Plant Medicine (D.P.M.) Candidate
Entomology and Nematology Department
University of Florida, IFAS
Gainesville, FL 32611
burkle@ufl.edu

The Protect U.S. hand-held application component of the Citrus Diseases and Citrus Pests LUCID® resource (http://idtools.org/id/citrus/resource/ ) is designed for use by small farm producers in the United States. For questions or concerns regarding the technical functionality of Protect U.S., please contact UF/IFAS Programmer Navya Kooram navyakooram@ufl.edu or Project Coordinator Amanda Hodges achodges@ufl.edu.

The Protect U.S. hand-held application component of the Citrus Diseases and Citrus Pests LUCID® resource (http://idtools.org/id/citrus/resource/) is designed for use by small farm producers in the United States.

Citrus Diseases is a LUCID® tool available at: http://idtools.org/id/citrus/diseases/.

Citrus Pests is a LUCID® tool available at: http://idtools.org/id/citrus/pests/.

The Protect U.S. Citrus Pests and Diseases application was funded by USDA-NIFA grant no. 2011-41533-31090 entitled "New Technologies and Educational Material to Address National Emerging Citrus Pests and Diseases". The project was a partnership between the University of Florida/IFAS Extension, the University of California-Riverside, Texas A&M University, and USDA-APHIS-PPQ.


We acknowledge the following key project personnel, contributors, and collaborators:

Project Personnel

Project Director: Dr. Amanda Hodges

Dr. Amanda Hodges, Ph.D.
Associate Extension Scientist
Director, Doctor of Plant Medicine
Entomology and Nematology Department
University of Florida, IFAS
Gainesville, FL 32611
achodges@ufl.edu

 

Project Director: Dr. Norman Leppla

Dr. Norman Leppla, Ph.D.
Professor of Entomology
Integrated Pest Management Program Director
Department of Entomology
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
ncleppla@ufl.edu

Project Director: Dr. Elizabeth Grafton-Cardwell

Dr. Elizabeth Grafton-Cardwell, Ph.D.
Extension Specialist and Center Director
LindcoveResearch and Extension Center
Kearney Agriculture Center
9240 South River end,Parlier, CA 93648

Project Director: Dr. Mamoudou Setamou

Dr. Mamoudou Setamou, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Texas A&M University
KingsvilleCitrus Center
312 N International Blvd, Weslaco, TX 78596

Project Coordinator: Dr. Gurpreet S. Brar

Dr. Gurpreet S. Brar, Ph.D
Post-Doctoral Associate
The Biosecurity Research & Extension (BRE) lab
Department of Entomology
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
gpsbrar@ufl.edu

Application Developer : Navya Kooram

Navya Kooram, M.S.
Software Application Developer
IFAS Information Technology
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
navyakooram@ufl.edu

Graphic designer: Kay Weigel

Kay Weigel
Department of Entomology and Nematology
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611

Key Collaborators

We would like to thank following project key collaborators for the project support:

  • Megan M. Dewdney, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Florida, Citrus Researchand Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
  • Patrick Gomes, National Coordinator, Citrus Health Response Program, APHIS, USDA, PPQ, 920 Main Campus Drive, Suite 200, Raleigh, NC 27606
  • Gregory S. Hodges, Ph.D. Bureau Chief, Entomology, Plant Pathology, andNematology, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Michael E. Rogers, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Florida, Citrus Researchand Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
  • Terrence Walters, Ph.D., ITP Coordinator, USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, 2301 ResearchBoulevard, Suite 108, Fort Collins, CO 80526

Key Personnel

We would like to thank following project key personnel for the project support:

  • Stephanie D. Stocks, M.S.
    Assistant-In
    Protect U.S. Coordinator
    University of Florida
    Department of Entomology and Nematology
    Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611

Citrus Diseases Images Contributors

The Citrus Diseases Tool was greatly enhanced in its value and usability by the addition of several hundreds of images provided by several contributors. Acknowledgements from the Citrus Diseases Tool, listed below, also apply to the Citrus Diseases App. Contributors to the Citrus Diseases Tool include:

  • Ron Brlansky, Jim Graham, Michael E. Rogers, and L. W. "Pete" Timmer from the University of Florida (UFL), Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC)
  • MaryLou Polek, Citrus Research Board (CRB), California
  • David Ezra, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, Israel
  • A.A. Seif, icipe (African Insect Science for Food and Health), Nairobi, Kenya
  • Antonio Vicent, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Spain
  • Melike Yurtmen, Plant Protection Research Institute, Adana, Turkey
  • Paul Chaloux, Hilda Gomez, Tim Gottwald, Charla Hollingsworth, Richard Lee, Tim Riley, Dan Robl, Ray Yokomi, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Molecular Diagnostic Lab from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Several images were used with the permission of:

Citrus Diseases Factsheet Assistance

A special thank you goes out to David Ezra, Ray Yokomi and Melike Yurtmen for lending their expertise and providing fact sheets of diseases and keying those diseases, which were added later in the tool development process.

Other Contributors of Citrus Diseases

John da Graca (Texas A&M University), Tim Gottwald, L. W. "Pete" Timmer, Jim Graham, Bacilio Salas (USDA), and MaryLou Polek helped by providing their expertise and knowledge.

Citrus Pests Advisory Committee

The following individuals, the Citrus Pest Advisory Committee, lent their guidance and support during the initial stages of tool development to create an initial list of potential taxa for the tool:

  • Lawrence G. Brown,
  • Russ Bulluck,
  • Daniel Flores,
  • Patrick J. Gomes,
  • Bacilio Salas (all from USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST),
  • Kris Godfrey (California Department of Food and Agriculture), and
  • Elizabeth Grafton-Cardwell (University of California Riverside and Kearney Agriculture Center).

Citrus Pests Student Personnel

We would also like to thank our student personnel:

  • Roxanne Wagner (undergraduate technician, Department of Entomology, University of Florida),
  • Abby Griffin (lab volunteer, Department of Entomology, University of Florida), and
  • Hashmet Eke (undergraduate Technician, Department of Entomology, University of Florida).

Citrus Pests Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry employees

Additionally, we would like to thank the following Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry employees for their support:

  • Jim Carter, Field Station Supervisor, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Tyson Emery, Bureau of Plant and Apiary Inspection, Bureau Chief, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Andrew Ferris, Caribbean Fruit Fly Certification Program Technician, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Richard Gaskalla, Division Director, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Dr. Susan Halbert, Curator: Hemiptera (except Coccoidea and Aleyrodidae), Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Dr. James Hayden, Curator: Lepidoptera, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Carol McKenzie, Agriculture and Consumer Protection Inspection Supervisor of Vero Beach, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Dr. Paul Skelley, Collection Manager and Curator: Orthoptera, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Dr. Gary Steck, Curator: Diptera, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • Dr. Ian Stocks, Curator: Hemiptera (Coccoidea, Aleyrodidea), Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608
  • John Wiggins, Caribbean Fruit Fly Certification Program Technician, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608

Citrus Pests Photographers

We would also like to extend our sincere thanks to the many photographers who contributed images to this tool. Lyle Buss (Department of Entomology, University of Florida) contributed a number of images. Many other photographers also granted permission to use their images in this tool. Please see each image's caption for the photographer or contributor.

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(APHIS/PPQ) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2012. Pink hibiscus mealybug. (http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/phmb/index.shtml).
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(NAPIS) National Agricultural Pest Information System. Purdue University. 2012. Survey Status of Asiatic Citrus Psyllid - Diaphorina citri (2008 to present). (http://pest.ceris.purdue.edu/map.php?code=IRAXAWA&year=3year).
(NAPIS) National Agricultural Pest Information System. Purdue University. 2012. Survey Status of Brown Citrus Aphid - Toxoptera citricidus (2008 to present). (http://pest.ceris.purdue.edu/pest.php?code=IRACDWA).
(NAPIS) National Agricultural Pest Information System. Purdue University. 2012. Survey Status of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug - Halyomorpha halys. (http://pest.ceris.purdue.edu/pest.php?code=IQAQQKA).
(NAPIS) National Agricultural Pest Information System. Purdue University. 2012. Survey Status of Caribbean Fruit Fly - Anastrepha suspensa. (http://pest.ceris.purdue.edu/pest.php?code=IOBMAUA).
(NAPIS) National Agricultural Pest Information System. Purdue University. 2012. Survey status of cotton cutworm - Spodoptera litura (all years). (http://pest.ceris.purdue.edu/map.php?code=ITBCFMA&year=alltime).
(NAPPO) North American Plant Protection Organization. 2008. NAPPO phytosanitary alert system: Anoplophora chinensis (Forster, 1771), citrus longhorned beetle discovered in two Washington state nurseries (U.S.A.). (http://www.pestalert.org/viewArchPestAlert.cfm?rid=72).
(NAPPO) North American Plant Protection Organization. 2012. Anastrepha ludens (Mexican fruit fly) eradicated in the United States. Phytosanitary Alert System. (http://www.pestalert.org/oprDetail.cfm?oprID=511).
(NAPPO) North American Plant Protection Organization. 2012. Light Brown Apple Moth, Epiphyas postvittana. (http://pest.ceris.purdue.edu/pest.php?code=ITBUBPA).
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Citrus pests may have or may lack wings. Here are a few examples:

Insects are characterized by the presence of three body regions: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen.

Winged Insects

A number of features on the head can be useful for identification.

Two prominent features of the thorax, the second body region in insects, are the pronotum and the scutellum.

All insects have three pairs of legs during at least one developmental stage.

Insect wings are quite variable, providing many useful characters for identification.

Some insect taxa have particular abdominal features that are characteristic.